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Why Space Law and Outer Space Treaties Are Quietly Entering UPSC IR and Science Questions

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Why Space Law and Outer Space Treaties Are Quietly Entering UPSC IR and Science Questions

Over the last four years, I have noticed a quiet but steady shift in UPSC question papers. Space is no longer just a Science and Technology topic about ISRO’s latest launch. The Commission is now testing your understanding of the legal and diplomatic architecture that governs outer space. If you have been ignoring space law, … Read more

Why Urban Heat Island, Microplastics, and New Pollutants Are Entering UPSC Questions

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Why Urban Heat Island, Microplastics, and New Pollutants Are Entering UPSC Questions

If you have been solving UPSC papers from the last five years, you have noticed a clear pattern. The examiner is no longer satisfied with textbook questions on deforestation or ozone depletion. Instead, questions on urban heat islands, microplastics, and novel pollutants like PFAS are appearing with increasing regularity. I want to help you understand … Read more